Femtosecond lasers are ultrashort pulse lasers with pulse widths reaching the femtosecond level (10⁻¹⁵ seconds). Their drilling process is based on the physical mechanisms of multiphoton ionization and nonlinear absorption, belonging to a typical "cold processing" technology. Unlike the thermal ablation of traditional lasers (nanosecond and microsecond levels), the pulse width of femtosecond lasers is much shorter than the electron-lattice thermalization time in the material (approximately 10⁻¹² seconds). The laser energy can be instantly focused on the material surface, directly vaporizing and stripping the target atoms, achieving "instantaneous removal" of the material. The entire process generates almost no thermal diffusion, fundamentally avoiding the generation of thermal damage-related defects.

In filter drilling applications, femtosecond lasers, focused by a high-precision optical system, can reduce the spot diameter to the micrometer level. Combined with a six-degree-of-freedom high-precision motion platform and adaptive beam shaping technology, it can precisely control the drilling position, diameter, and depth. This allows for the processing of filters with various structures, including planar, curved, and thin-walled surfaces. Whether the filter is made of metal, ceramic, polymer, or composite material, it can achieve efficient and high-precision drilling without the need for subsequent grinding or polishing, significantly improving production efficiency and product yield.


In the processing of conical safety filter nozzles, 19,000 micropores with a diameter of 0.15 mm can be uniformly processed on a conical surface with a height of 28 mm and a wall thickness of 0.5 mm within 15 minutes, achieving a pore density of 678 pores/mm² and a yield rate exceeding 99.95%, fully meeting the needs of large-scale mass production.